![]() Glycogen is accumulated in the liver primarily during the postprandial period and in the skeletal muscle predominantly after exercise. Laforin and malin are proteins involved in glycogen assembly but their specific function remains elusive in humans. Glycogen branching enzyme introduces branch points in the glycogen particle at even intervals. Glycogenin catalyzes the formation of a short glucose polymer that is extended by the action of glycogen synthase. Glycogen synthesis requires a series of reactions that include glucose entrance into the cell through transporters, phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate, isomerization to glucose 1-phosphate, and formation of uridine 5สน-diphosphate-glucose, which is the direct glucose donor for glycogen synthesis. Glycogen has been identified in other tissues such as brain, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, and erythrocytes, but glycogen function in these tissues is mostly unknown. In the human body, glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose stored mainly in the liver and the skeletal muscle that supplies glucose to the blood stream during fasting periods and to the muscle cells during muscle contraction. ![]()
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